미국 상무부가 6일 발표한 3월중 무역수지 동향에 따르면 수출은 0.9% 증가한 1878억 달러를 기록한 반면 수입은 이보다 훨씬 많은 7.7% 늘어난 2392억 달러로 집계됐다.
이 같은 적자증가율은 1996년 12월 이후 18년 5개월 만에 가장 높은 것이다.
올 1월부터 3월까지의 1분기 무역수지 적자 규모는 전년 동기 대비 5.2% 증가한 433억 달러였다.
이 또한 지난해 6월 이후 1년 만에 최대 규모다.
국별로는 중국에 대한 적자가 가장 심각한 것으로 나타났다.
미국의 중국에 대한 수출은 13.6% 증가한 반면 수입은 31.6% 급증했다.
미국 무역수지 적자의 60.7%가 중국과의 교역에서 발생했다.
품목별로는 식품과 소비재 수입이 가장 많이 늘었다. 서부 항만 파업이 끝나면서 한꺼번에 수입물량이 늘어난 것도 무역수지적자를 늘리는 한 요인으로 작용했다.
[다음은 미국 상무부의 무역수지 보도자료 전문]
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE AT 8:30 A.M. EDT, TUESDAY, MAY 5, 2015
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
NEWS
U.S. Department of Commerce * Washington, DC 20230
U.S. INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
March 2015
The U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, through the Department of
Commerce, announced today that the goods and services deficit was $51.4 billion in March, up
$15.5 billion from $35.9 billion in February, revised. March exports were $187.8 billion, $1.6
billion more than February exports. March imports were $239.2 billion, $17.1 billion more than
February imports.
The March increase in the goods and services deficit reflected an increase in the goods deficit
of $14.9 billion to $70.6 billion and a decrease in the services surplus of $0.6 billion to
$19.2 billion.
Year-to-date, the goods and services deficit increased $6.4 billion, or 5.2 percent, from the
same period in 2014. Exports decreased $11.7 billion or 2.0 percent. Imports decreased
$5.3 billion or 0.8 percent.
Goods and Services Three-Month Moving Averages (Exhibit 2)
The average goods and services deficit increased $1.9 billion to $43.3 billion for the three
months ending in March.
* Average exports of goods and services decreased $2.4 billion to $187.8 billion in March.
* Average imports of goods and services decreased $0.5 billion to $231.1 billion in March.
Year-over-year, the average goods and services deficit increased $2.1 billion from the three
months ending in March 2014.
* Average exports of goods and services decreased $3.9 billion from March 2014.
* Average imports of goods and services decreased $1.8 billion from March 2014.
Exports (Exhibits 3, 6, and 7)
Exports of goods increased $1.5 billion to $127.1 billion in March.
Exports of goods on a Census basis increased $1.3 billion.
* Capital goods increased $1.5 billion.
o Civilian aircraft increased $0.5 billion.
o Civilian aircraft engines increased $0.2 billion.
o Electric apparatus increased $0.2 billion.
Net balance of payments adjustments increased $0.2 billion.
Exports of services increased $0.2 billion to $60.8 billion in March.
* Transport, which includes freight and port services and passenger fares, increased
$0.1 billion.
* Travel (for all purposes including education) decreased $0.1 billion.
Imports (Exhibits 4, 6, and 8)
Imports of goods increased $16.4 billion to $197.6 billion in March.
Imports of goods on a Census basis increased $16.4 billion.
* Consumer goods increased $9.0 billion.
o Cell phones and other household goods increased $1.7 billion.
o Other textile apparel and household goods increased $1.3 billion.
o Furniture, household goods, etc. increased $1.0 billion.
* Capital goods increased $4.0 billion.
* Automotive vehicles, parts, and engines increased $2.7 billion.
Net balance of payments adjustments decreased $0.1 billion.
Imports of services increased $0.8 billion to $41.6 billion in March.
* Transport increased $0.6 billion.
* Travel (for all purposes including education) increased $0.1 billion.
Real Goods in 2009 Dollars – Census Basis (Exhibit 11)
The real goods deficit increased $16.0 billion to $67.2 billion in March.
* Real exports of goods increased $1.3 billion to $118.8 billion.
* Real imports of goods increased $17.3 billion to $186.0 billion.
Revisions
Revisions to February exports
* Exports of goods were revised downward less than $0.1 billion.
* Exports of services were revised downward less than $0.1 billion.
Revisions to February imports
* Imports of goods were revised upward $0.5 billion.
* Imports of services were revised downward $0.1 billion.
Goods by Selected Countries and Areas: Monthly – Census Basis (Exhibit 19)
The March figures show surpluses, in billions of dollars, with South and Central America ($2.9),
OPEC ($0.7), and Brazil ($0.4). Deficits were recorded, in billions of dollars, with China
($37.8), European Union ($11.0), Japan ($6.3), Germany ($5.6), Mexico ($4.8), South Korea
($2.6), Italy ($2.1), India ($2.0), France ($1.5), Canada ($1.4), United Kingdom ($0.2), and
Saudi Arabia ($0.1).
* The deficit with China increased $10.5 billion to $37.8 billion in March. Exports increased
$0.4 billion to $9.3 billion and imports increased $10.9 billion to $47.1 billion.
* The deficit with Japan increased $2.0 billion to $6.3 billion in March. Exports increased
$0.2 billion to $5.6 billion and imports increased $2.2 billion to $11.9 billion.
NOTES:
* All statistics referenced are seasonally adjusted; statistics are on a balance of payments
basis unless otherwise specified. Additional statistics, including not seasonally adjusted
statistics and details for goods on a Census basis, are available in Exhibits 1-20b of this
release. For information on data sources, definitions, and scheduled release dates through
December 2015, see the information section on page A-1 of this release. The next release
is June 3, 2015.
* For definitions of goods on a balance of payments basis, goods on a Census basis, and net
balance of payments adjustments, see the information section on page A-1 of this release.
NOTICE
New U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis International Trade and Investment Country Factsheets
On May 4, 2015, the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) released a new data application on
its Web site. The International Trade and Investment Country Facts application provides
information on U.S. trade in goods and services, direct investment, and the activities of
multinational enterprises for individual countries and country groupings. Users select a country
from an interactive world map or a searchable menu. The application generates a country factsheet
with graphs and tables showing the latest data on U.S. trade and investment with that country.
The factsheet can be downloaded or printed in PDF format. The application also generates data
tables containing more detailed statistics that can be downloaded in Excel format.
The application can be accessed from (www.bea.gov/international/factsheet). If you have
questions, please contact BEA’s Balance of Payments Division at
(InternationalAccounts@bea.gov).
New U.S. Census Bureau Report on U.S. International Trade in Goods
On July 30, 2015, at 8:30 a.m., the U.S. Census Bureau will introduce a new release, “Advance
Report: U.S. International Trade in Goods.” This report will:
* Be released monthly, 4-7 business days in advance of the “U.S. International Trade in
Goods and Services” report (FT-900).
* Present advance statistics for the reference month. For example, the July 30 release will
feature advance statistics for June 2015.
* Contain statistics for international trade in goods on a Census basis by principal end-use
category.
* Include both seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted statistics.
* Not include statistics for trade in goods on a balance of payments basis or statistics for
trade in services, both of which will continue to be featured in the FT-900.
* Be available at (www.census.gov/trade).
In accordance with Section 7 of the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) Statistical Policy
Directive No. 3, OMB granted the Census Bureau an exception to the previously approved schedule
for the release of the FT-900. OMB granted the exception for the sole purpose of publicly
releasing advance monthly statistics on trade in goods.
The new report will present two sets of statistics: “Advance” statistics, which reflect partial
coverage, and “Final” statistics, which reflect complete coverage and correspond to the most
recently published statistics in Exhibits 6 and 13 of the FT-900. Sample exhibits of the new
report are available at (www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/notices/20150405_advrelease.html).
The release schedule for this report through December 2015 is as follows:
Statistical Month Date Day
June 07-30-15 Thu
July 08-28-15 Fri
August 09-29-15 Tue
September 10-28-15 Wed
October 11-24-15 Tue
November 12-29-15 Tue
If you have questions, please contact the Census Bureau, Economic Indicators Division, on
(800) 549-0595, option 4, on (301) 763-2311, or at (eid.international.trade.data@census.gov).
Upcoming Revisions to Goods and Services
On June 3, 2015, the U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) will release
“U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services: April 2015” and “U.S. International Trade in
Goods and Services: Annual Revision for 2014.” With these releases, statistics on trade in goods,
on both a Census basis and a balance of payments (BOP) basis, will be revised beginning with 2012,
and statistics on trade in services will be revised beginning with 1999. The revised statistics
for goods on a BOP basis and for services will also be included in the report “U.S. International
Transactions: First Quarter 2015 and Annual Revisions” and in the annual revision of the
U.S.International Transactions Accounts (ITAs), both to be released by BEA on June 18, 2015.
Goods
Revised statistics on trade in goods will reflect 1) corrections and adjustments to previously
published not-seasonally-adjusted statistics for goods on a Census basis, 2) recalculated
seasonal and trading-day adjustments, and 3) newly available and revised source data on BOP
adjustments, which are adjustments that BEA applies to goods on a Census basis to convert them
to a BOP basis. BOP adjustments are presented as net adjustments in this release.
Services
Revised statistics on trade in services beginning with 1999 will reflect the reclassification
of repairs related to Foreign Military Sales from exports of government goods and services n.i.e.
(not included elsewhere) to exports of maintenance and repair services n.i.e. This
reclassification will result in more accurate international account statistics and will bring
BEA’s statistics into closer alignment with international guidelines, which recommend that
services supplied by and to governments be classified to a specific services category where
possible.
Revised statistics on trade in services beginning with 2012 will also reflect 1) newly available
and revised source data primarily from BEA’s surveys of international services transactions, 2)
revised seasonal adjustments, and 3) revised interpolations of quarterly source data to monthly
statistics (see the information section on page A-4 of this release).
A preview of BEA’s 2015 annual revision of the ITAs was published in the April 2015 Survey of
Current Business. If you have questions, please contact BEA’s
Balance of Payments Division at (InternationalAccounts@bea.gov).
To learn more about the FT-900 and other economic indicators the Census Bureau publishes, join
the Economic Indicators Division for the “Investigating Economic Indicators” Webinar series.
For more information, visit (www.census.gov/econ/webinar).
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